Academic writing 2: structuring an argument
More collocations for referring to arguments
Look at these extracts from university lectures and note the collocations.
The book The Eye of the Universe draws an analogy1 between the birth of the universe and a lottery.
It also draws parallels2 between the formation of new stars and the birth and death of flowers. It
presents the case for a complete rethinking of how we understand space. The author, Patrick Rivaux,
puts forward the argument that the universe is as it is because we humans are here looking at it.
The author takes up / adopts the position that the universe cannot have any beginning or end, and
states his opinion that we can never understand the universe using the human ideas of time and
space. He argues convincingly3 that the universe has a unique nature. He draws attention to new
research which suggests that other universes may also exist alongside ours. He briefly summarises4
the views of leading physicists and mathematicians, disagrees profoundly5 with some of them and
draws the conclusion that science alone cannot solve the mystery of the universe.
- 1 makes a comparison between things which have similar features, to help explain an idea
- 2 says that something is very similar to something else
- 3 argues in a way that makes people believe that something is true or right
- 4 expresses the most important ideas in a short and clear form
- 5 disagrees very strongly or in an extreme way
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